A flexible-reliable operation optimization model of the networked energy hubs with distributed generations, energy storage systems and demand response

This paper presents a novel optimization model for the flexible-reliable operation (FRO) of energy hubs (EHs) in electricity, natural gas, and district heating networks. To achieve flexible EH presence renewable sources (RESs) combined heat power (CHP) system, storage systems (ESS) incentive-based demand response program (IDRP) are used. The proposed problem minimizes total expected costs operation, reliability, flexibility networks including EHs. scheme is constrained to optimal flow (OPF) equations reliability requirements these active loads, namely ESS IDRP. Scenario-based stochastic programming (SBSP) utilized uncertainties load, cost, generation RES, network equipment availability. has mixed-integer nonlinear (MINLP) nature. Consequently, hybrid teaching-learning-based (TLBO) crow search algorithm (CSA) used obtain reliable solution with low standard deviation. Finally, by simulating on sample test capabilities this improving accordance scheduling EHs confirmed. • Modeling Operation, flexibility, economic indices management. Use IDRP improve RES CHP. Solving FRO using TLBO CSA.